A Chronology of Clinical Research Findings

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The beginning of the ABC Study on Heart Disease.

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Albumin excretion rate (marker of endothelial dysfunction) found to increase during acute myocardial infarction and to predict early mortality (in-hospital).

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C-reactive protein (inflammation) in acute myocardial infarction found to be associated with heart failure and mortality.

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Albumin excretion in acute myocardial infarction found to be associated to long-term mortality (seven years follow-up).

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Atrial fibrillation during acute myocardial infarction found associated to sudden death after 7-year of follow-up.

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Low-dose digitalis during acute myocardial infarction found to be protective for long-term sudden death (seven years).

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ABC-1 Study on Heart Disease.

The four factors of the ABC model (estimated glomerular filtration rate, albumin/creatinine excretion ratio, history of angina, and previous myocardial infarction) improved the predictive power of other traditional models for long-term event-free survival.

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ABC-2 Study on Heart Disease.

It identified clinical predictors of long-term mortality (twelve years) after ACS that might help prognostication, patient education, and risk modification. It showed that the analysis of the modes of death might improve the risk assessment.

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ABC-3 Study on Heart Disease.

It indicates that women and men with acute coronary syndrome have different long-term cardiovascular mortality risk across increasing degrees of heart failure. Gender is an independent effect modifier of heart failure for cardiovascular mortality.

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ABC-4 Study on Heart Disease.

The long-term prospective study showed that patients with acute coronary syndrome have a higher incidence of malignancy compared to the general population.

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ABC-4 Study on Heart Disease.

Neoplasia onset and mortality are independently associated with low baseline plasma Total Cholesterol and LDL-C levels at admission for acute coronary syndrome.

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ABC-5 Study on Heart Disease.

Plasma lipid levels during ACS: Association with 20-year mortality: The ABC-5* Study on Heart Disease. This prospective study of an unselected real-world patient sample, carried out in three centers, showed that baseline plasma TC, LDL, HDL and triglyceride levels at the time of ACS were not associated with long-term global mortality. We observed only an independent inverse association between TC and LDL levels and non-CD death. The results are consistent for lipid measurements at admission or after one week of hospitalization. Furthermore, the associations we found seems to be mostly independent of anti-lipid treatment, suggesting that the core prognostic issue lies on the lipid levels per se.

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ABC-5 Study on Heart Disease.

Plasma lipid levels during ACS: Association with 20-year mortality: The ABC-5a* Study on Heart Disease. The present prospective long-term study revealed that baseline plasma lipid levels during acute coronary syndrome do not seem to be associated with long-term global mortality. Only an independent inverse association between TC and LDL and non-cardiac death has been observed.